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Common Diagnosis for Polycystic Kidney Disease

2013-02-11 15:14

Polycystic kidney disease is a hereditary and chronically progressive renal disorders and patients need to have life-long struggle and combat with it.

We all know that early diagnosis and treatment is very necessary for all chronic diseases so as to slow down illness progression into more advanced stages and improving prognosis.

As for PKD, it is possible to have early diagnosis even before patients develop any clinical symptoms. This is because about 60% adult PKD patients have clear family history of the disease and there is at least one family member or relative has the disease. To confirmed PKD, the following imaging examinations and gene diagnosis are necessary.

Ultrasound

It is the first preferred diagnostic method for ADPKD and the main findings in ultrasound are significant kidney enlargement, multiple renal cysts with various sizes in the kidneys and intensified echo of the renal parenchyma.

High acuity ultrasound can even detect small renal cyst as 0.2cm, therefore it is often used in pre-natal diagnosis and screening of directly-related relatives.

Regular ultrasound test can be done to monitor growth condition of the cysts, decide when to offer what kind of treatment and measure curative effects.

CT scan and MRI

CT scan and MRI have higher accuracy than common ultrasound. They can detect 0.3-0.5cm renal cysts in the kidneys. Using MRI to calculate kidney volume and the ratio of cyst sectional area and that of normal renal tissues can reflect illness progression and can be used to reflect curative effects of certain medicines and drugs.

Gene diagnosis

Currently gene diagnosis is mainly used to those that have no family history and those that have difficulty to be distinguished with other renal cystic diseases.

Prenatal gene diagnosis can help parents know in advance weather they can have a healthy baby or not so as to improve healthy birth rate.


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