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Diagnosis For Nephrotic Syndrome

2013-02-09 15:36

Nephrotic syndrome is not an independent disease but a set of clinical manifestations including proteinuria, edema, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, etc.

Of cause, if you have these symptoms, that does not mean you definitely have nephrotic syndrome. If you are suspecting that you have nephrotic syndrome, the following are tests and examinations nephrologists recommended to confirm the diagnosis.

Urine test---urinary protein qualitative and urinary sediments can make a preliminary diagnosis of weather the patients have glomerular lesions or not.

24-h urinary protein quantitative---24-h urinary protein more than 3.5g is the essential condition for diagnosing nephrotic syndrome.

Plasma protein---plasma albumin lower than 30g is essential.

Blood lipid---nephrotic syndrome can cause fat metabolic disorder and patients often have high blood lipid.

To further make clear weather kidney functions have been damaged or not as well as severity of renal damages, further examinations and distinguish diagnosis are needed to guide for proper treatment plans and predict the prognosis.

Kidney function test---the common indexes are blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine which helps make clear the severity of renal damages and current kidney functions.

Electrolytes and CO2 binding force---to know weather patients have electrolyte disorders and imbalance of acid-base so as to have timely rectification.

Hemodynamics inspection---the blood in nephrotic syndrome patients are often in a hypercoagulable state which is not good for the illness conditions, therefore it is necessary to check blood viscosity and receive anti-coagulation treatments when necessary.

Besides, there are some other tests and examinations which might be necessary to some patients and unnecessary to others. They can be selectively used to diagnose nephrotic syndrome according to patients’ illness conditions. They include serum complement, immune globulins, selective proteinuria index, urinary protein polypropylene amine gel electrophoresis, urease, urinary fibrin degradation product, renal biopsy, etc.

Nephrotic syndrome needs to be distinguished with the following diseases---henoch-schonlein purpura nephritis, lupus, hepatitis-B-related nephritis, diabetic nephropathy, renal amyloidosis, myeloma renal disease, etc.


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