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Pathological Types of Chronic Glomerulonephritis (GN)

2012-11-18 09:57

Chronic Glomerulonephritis (GN) is actually a broad name referring to the various types of chronic inflammation on glomerular cells. Glomerular cells normally prevent proteins and red blood cells from leaking into urine. People with glomerular nephritis may experience proteinuria and/or hematuria because the filters are damaged. In addition, many patients present swelling in their limbs and extremities which may disappear after rest. In some cases, high blood pressure comes as the earliest symptom. Glomerulonephritis can be divided into various types based on the pathological pattern, with their prognosis differs greatly from one another.

From their pathological presentation, Glomerulonephritis can be divided into the following five main types:

﹡ Usually this type of kidney disorder is developed from prolonging course or poor treatment of acute Nephritis.

﹡Mesangial Proliferative Glomerulonpehritis (MsPGN), or memsangiocapillary glomeronephritis. Onset of MsPGN is more common in adolescence, with a higher incidence among males than females. About 50 percent patients have infections before onset of the disease, and in 70% cases patients with MsPGN are accompanied by hematuria.

In pathology, increased mesangial cells can be detected obviously and deposition of C1q and broadening in mesangial matrix can also be seen. In prolonging course of the disease, people could experience worsening of the illness condition and the incidence of renal insufficiency and high blood pressure increases gradually.

﹡Membranous Glomerulonephritis(MN). In pathology, MN is characterized by thickening on glomerular capillary basement membrane and diffuse deposition of immune complexes under the endothelium. About 30 percent patients have microscopic blood in urine. In mild cases (20% to 35%), the disease can remit spontaneously. Kidney damage can occur five to ten years after diagnosis of the disease.

﹡Membranous Proliferative Glomerulonpehritis (MPGN). In pathology, there exists thickening on basement membrane and proliferation of mesangial cells. MPGN commonly occurs in youngsters before their 30s. Acute onset is common, and patients have infections before the disease occurs; so MPGN is easily mixed with acute Nephritis. MPGN can damage the kidneys in earlier stages and cause progressive loss of kidney function, so early detection and treatment is very important.

﹡Focal Segmental Glomerulonephritis (FSGS). FSGS is common in young male patients. It is a latent disease, and can develop without being noticed for long time. Approximately 75% patients have microscopic hematuria. Focal suggests that part of glomerular cells (not all) are damaged, and segmental suggests that a section(not global) damages on the glomerular cell. People with FSGS typically experience heavy proteinuria, high blood pressure and swelling. FSGS is a severe type of glomerular nephritis since if not treated/controlled effectively, it could develop into kidney failure rapidly.

The above introduces the five main pathological types of Glomerulonephritis (GN). Pathological diagnosis of Nephritis helps to evaluate the specific illness condition and guide the treatment. Get help from an expert if you have concerning problems about management/treatment of Chronic Glomerulonephritis (GN).


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